@wu529778790/docker-build-deploy

Use when containerizing a Node.js app and setting up GitHub Actions CI/CD to build, push to GHCR, and deploy via SSH. Multi-stage build, non-root user, caching.

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SKILL.md
namedocker-build-deploy
descriptionUse when containerizing a Node.js app and setting up GitHub Actions CI/CD to build, push to GHCR, and deploy via SSH. Multi-stage build, non-root user, caching.

Docker Build & Deploy

一键生成 Docker 构建 + 推送到 GHCR + 部署到服务器的 GitHub Actions 工作流。

Overview

自动生成完整的 Docker CI/CD 工作流:构建镜像 → 推送到 GHCR → SSH 部署到服务器。包含优化的 Dockerfile(多阶段构建、非 root、健康检查)和 GitHub Actions 工作流模板。

When to Use

  • User wants to containerize a project and deploy it
  • User needs GitHub Actions to automatically build Docker images
  • User mentions Docker, GHCR, container deployment, or CI/CD
  • User inputs /docker-build-deploy
  • User wants to set up continuous deployment pipeline
  • User wants to push images to a container registry
  • User wants to automate deployment to a remote server via SSH
  • User wants to optimize existing Dockerfile with multi-stage builds
  • User wants to add health checks to container deployment

When NOT to Use:

  • User only wants to write a Dockerfile
  • User deploys with Kubernetes (different workflow - consider kubectl or Helm)
  • User doesn't use GitHub Actions (consider GitLab CI, CircleCI, etc.)
  • User wants to deploy to AWS ECS/EKS, Google Cloud Run, or Azure Container Instances (different workflows)

Core Pattern

Step 1: 收集信息

交互式询问:port(容器内端口,默认 3000)、host_port(对外暴露端口,默认同 port)、env_file(服务器 env 路径,可选)。

智能检测:有 package.json → Node.js(当前唯一支持的项目类型)。已有 Dockerfile 则跳过生成。

Step 2: 生成 Dockerfile(如需要)

生成优化的 Node.js Dockerfile:多阶段构建、非 root 用户、健康检查。模板见 templates/Dockerfile.nodejs

Step 3: 生成 Workflow

templates/docker-deploy.yml 生成工作流,替换 {{PORT}}(容器端口)、{{HOST_PORT}}(对外端口)和 {{ENV_FILE}} 变量。

build-and-push job: 登录 GHCR → Buildx 构建 → 推送(tag: latest + sha)→ GHA 缓存

deploy job: SSH 连接 → 拉取镜像 → 停旧容器 → 启新容器(支持 env 文件)→ 清理旧镜像

Step 4: 提示配置 Secrets

告知用户需在 GitHub Settings → Secrets 配置:DEPLOY_HOSTDEPLOY_USERDEPLOY_SSH_KEY(服务器私钥)。

安全性:使用 SSH key 而非密码(密码登录有爆破风险,且明文存于 CI)。若服务器只支持密码,可改用 password: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PASSWORD }},但不推荐。

Quick Reference

/docker-build-deploy
/docker-build-deploy --port 8080
/docker-build-deploy --port 8080 --env-file /opt/app/.env
参数 说明 默认值
--port 容器内应用端口 3000
--host-port 服务器对外暴露端口 --port
--env-file 服务器 env 文件路径

Common Mistakes

错误 正确做法 原因
latest 单 tag 同时打 latest + ${{ github.sha }} 方便回滚
不设置 packages: write 权限 声明 permissions: packages: write GHCR 推送需要
deploy 不检查容器是否存在 docker stop + docker rm 避免端口冲突
不清理旧镜像 部署后 docker image prune -f 磁盘空间
Dockerfile 用 root 运行 添加 USER node 或非 root 用户 容器安全最佳实践
Secrets 硬编码在 workflow 中 使用 ${{ secrets.XXX }} 引用 密钥泄露风险
不设置 Docker BuildKit 缓存 配置 cache-from / cache-to using GitHub Actions cache 每次全量构建太慢
不处理构建失败的回滚 部署后验证健康检查 失败部署可能上线错误版本
用密码 SSH 部署 使用 SSH key(DEPLOY_SSH_KEY 密码爆破风险高
平台声明与服务器架构不符 按服务器架构声明 linux/amd64linux/arm64;多平台构建时写 linux/amd64,linux/arm64 目标架构不匹配导致运行失败

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